Integrating Virtual Machines

This sample deploys the Bookinfo services across Kubernetes and a set of Virtual Machines, and illustrates how to use Istio service mesh to control this infrastructure as a single mesh.

Note: this guide is still under development and only tested on Google Cloud Platform. On IBM Cloud or other platforms where overlay network of Pods is isolated from VM network, VMs cannot initiate any direct communication to Kubernetes Pods even when using Istio.

Overview

Bookinfo Application with Istio Mesh Expansion

Bookinfo Application with Istio Mesh Expansion

Before you begin

  • Setup Istio by following the instructions in the Installation guide.

  • Deploy the Bookinfo sample application (in the bookinfo namespace).
  • Create a VM named ‘vm-1’ in the same project as Istio cluster, and Join the Mesh.

Running mysql on the VM

We will first install mysql on the VM, and configure it as a backend for the ratings service.

On the VM:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y mariadb-server
sudo mysql
# Grant access to root
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
quit;
sudo systemctl restart mysql

You can find details of configuring mysql at Mysql.

On the VM add ratings database to mysql.

# Add ratings db to the mysql db
curl -q https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/master/samples/bookinfo/src/mysql/mysqldb-init.sql | mysql -u root -ppassword

To make it easy to visually inspect the difference in the output of the bookinfo application, you can change the ratings that are generated by using the following commands

# To inspect the ratings
mysql -u root -ppassword test -e "select * from ratings;"
+----------+--------+
| ReviewID | Rating |
+----------+--------+
|        1 |      5 |
|        2 |      4 |
+----------+--------+
# To change the ratings
mysql -u root -ppassword test -e  "update ratings set rating=1 where reviewid=1;select * from ratings;"
+----------+--------+
| ReviewID | Rating |
+----------+--------+
|        1 |      1 |
|        2 |      4 |
+----------+--------+

Find out the IP address of the VM that will be used to add it to the mesh

On the VM:

hostname -I

Registering the mysql service with the mesh

On a host with access to istioctl commands, register the VM and mysql db service

istioctl register -n vm mysqldb <ip-address-of-vm> 3306

Sample output:

$ istioctl register -n vm mysqldb 10.150.0.5 3306
I1108 20:17:54.256699   40419 register.go:43] Registering for service 'mysqldb' ip '10.150.0.5', ports list [{3306 mysql}]
I1108 20:17:54.256815   40419 register.go:48] 0 labels ([]) and 1 annotations ([alpha.istio.io/kubernetes-serviceaccounts=default])
W1108 20:17:54.573068   40419 register.go:123] Got 'services "mysqldb" not found' looking up svc 'mysqldb' in namespace 'vm', attempting to create it
W1108 20:17:54.816122   40419 register.go:138] Got 'endpoints "mysqldb" not found' looking up endpoints for 'mysqldb' in namespace 'vm', attempting to create them
I1108 20:17:54.886657   40419 register.go:180] No pre existing exact matching ports list found, created new subset {[{10.150.0.5  <nil> nil}] [] [{mysql 3306 }]}
I1108 20:17:54.959744   40419 register.go:191] Successfully updated mysqldb, now with 1 endpoints

Note that the ‘mysqldb’ virtual machine does not need and should not have special Kubernetes privileges.

Using the mysql service

The ratings service in bookinfo will use the DB on the machine. To verify that it works, create version 2 of the ratings service that uses the mysql db on the VM. Then specify route rules that force the review service to use the ratings version 2.

# Create the version of ratings service that will use mysql back end
istioctl kube-inject -n bookinfo -f samples/bookinfo/kube/bookinfo-ratings-v2-mysql-vm.yaml | kubectl apply -n bookinfo -f -

# Create route rules that will force bookinfo to use the ratings back end
istioctl create -n bookinfo -f samples/bookinfo/kube/route-rule-ratings-mysql-vm.yaml

You can verify the output of bookinfo application is showing 1 star from Reviewer1 and 4 stars from Reviewer2 or change the ratings on your VM and see the results.

You can also find some troubleshooting and other information in the RawVM MySQL document in the meantime.