Collecting Logs

This task shows how to configure Istio to automatically gather telemetry for services in a mesh. At the end of this task, a new log stream will be enabled for calls to services within your mesh.

The Bookinfo sample application is used as the example application throughout this task.

Before you begin

• Install Istio in your cluster and deploy an application. This task assumes that Mixer is setup in a default configuration (--configDefaultNamespace=istio-system). If you use a different value, update the configuration and commands in this task to match the value.

Collecting new logs data

1. Apply a YAML file with configuration for the new log stream that Istio will generate and collect automatically.

   Zip

   $ kubectl apply -f @samples/bookinfo/telemetry/log-entry.yaml@
   

2. Send traffic to the sample application.

   For the Bookinfo sample, visit http://$GATEWAY_URL/productpage in your web browser or issue the following command:

   $ curl http://$GATEWAY_URL/productpage
   

3. Verify that the log stream has been created and is being populated for requests.

   In a Kubernetes environment, search through the logs for the istio-telemetry pods as follows:

   $ kubectl logs -n istio-system -l istio-mixer-type=telemetry -c mixer | grep "newlog" | grep -v '"destination":"telemetry"' | grep -v '"destination":"pilot"' | grep -v '"destination":"policy"' | grep -v '"destination":"unknown"'
   {"level":"warn","time":"2018-09-15T20:46:36.009801Z","instance":"newlog.xxxxx.istio-system","destination":"details","latency":"13.601485ms","responseCode":200,"responseSize":178,"source":"productpage","user":"unknown"}
   {"level":"warn","time":"2018-09-15T20:46:36.026993Z","instance":"newlog.xxxxx.istio-system","destination":"reviews","latency":"919.482857ms","responseCode":200,"responseSize":295,"source":"productpage","user":"unknown"}
   {"level":"warn","time":"2018-09-15T20:46:35.982761Z","instance":"newlog.xxxxx.istio-system","destination":"productpage","latency":"968.030256ms","responseCode":200,"responseSize":4415,"source":"istio-ingressgateway","user":"unknown"}
   

Understanding the logs configuration

In this task, you added Istio configuration that instructed Mixer to automatically generate and report a new log stream for all traffic within the mesh.

The added configuration controlled three pieces of Mixer functionality:

1. Generation of instances (in this example, log entries) from Istio attributes

2. Creation of handlers (configured Mixer adapters) capable of processing generated instances

3. Dispatch of instances to handlers according to a set of rules

The logs configuration directs Mixer to send log entries to stdout. It uses three stanzas (or blocks) of configuration: instance configuration, handler configuration, and rule configuration.

The kind: instance stanza of configuration defines a schema for generated log entries (or instances) named newlog. This instance configuration tells Mixer how to generate log entries for requests based on the attributes reported by Envoy.

The severity parameter is used to indicate the log level for any generated logentry. In this example, a literal value of "warning" is used. This value will be mapped to supported logging levels by a logentry handler.

The timestamp parameter provides time information for all log entries. In this example, the time is provided by the attribute value of request.time, as provided by Envoy.

The variables parameter allows operators to configure what values should be included in each logentry. A set of expressions controls the mapping from Istio attributes and literal values into the values that constitute a logentry. In this example, each logentry instance has a field named latency populated with the value from the attribute response.duration. If there is no known value for response.duration, the latency field will be set to a duration of 0ms.

The kind: handler stanza of configuration defines a handler named newloghandler. The handler spec configures how the stdio compiled adapter code processes received logentry instances. The severity_levels parameter controls how logentry values for the severity field are mapped to supported logging levels. Here, the value of "warning" is mapped to the WARNING log level. The outputAsJson parameter directs the adapter to generate JSON-formatted log lines.

The kind: rule stanza of configuration defines a new rule named newlogstdio. The rule directs Mixer to send all newlog instances to the newloghandler handler. Because the match parameter is set to true, the rule is executed for all requests in the mesh.

A match: true expression in the rule specification is not required to configure a rule to be executed for all requests. Omitting the entire match parameter from the spec is equivalent to setting match: true. It is included here to illustrate how to use match expressions to control rule execution.

Cleanup

• Remove the new logs configuration:

  Zip

  $ kubectl delete -f @samples/bookinfo/telemetry/log-entry.yaml@
  

  If you are using Istio 1.1.2 or prior:

  Zip

  $ kubectl delete -f @samples/bookinfo/telemetry/log-entry-crd.yaml@
  

• If you are not planning to explore any follow-on tasks, refer to the Bookinfo cleanup instructions to shutdown the application.